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VOL. 2, ISSUE 1 (2026)
The role of immunonutrition in modulating immune responses and inflammation: A comprehensive review
Authors
Saswati Sanyal, Ishita Bhowmick, Sneha Thakur, Shweta Parida
Abstract
Immunonutrition (IN)
is an emerging paradigm in nutritional science that involves the administration
of specific nutrients to modulate inflammatory, metabolic, and immune
responses. Unlike conventional nutritional support, which primarily aims to
maintain energy balance and preserve lean body mass, immunonutrition employs
bioactive substrates such as omega-3 fatty acids, glutamine, arginine,
nucleotides, and selected micronutrients as therapeutic agents to enhance
immune competence and improve clinical outcomes. These nutrients exert
beneficial effects by maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier integrity,
supporting immune cell proliferation and function, regulating gene expression,
reducing oxidative stress, and attenuating excessive inflammatory responses,
including cytokine storms. Growing evidence suggests that immunonutrition may
reduce infectious complications, shorten hospital stay, improve wound healing,
and enhance recovery in critically ill patients, individuals undergoing major
surgery, and those with severe viral infections. However, clinical outcomes
remain inconsistent due to variations in patient populations, timing of
intervention, nutrient composition, and dosing strategies. This review
summarizes the biochemical mechanisms underlying key immunonutrients, critically
evaluates current clinical evidence across critical care, surgical oncology,
and infectious diseases, and discusses the limitations, challenges, and future
prospects of personalized immunonutrition in precision medicine.
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Pages:59-62
How to cite this article:
Saswati Sanyal, Ishita Bhowmick, Sneha Thakur, Shweta Parida "The role of immunonutrition in modulating immune responses and inflammation: A comprehensive review". World Journal of Applied Research, Vol 2, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 59-62
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