Effective science communication by governments during disasters plays a crucial role in minimising risks, shaping public perception, and ensuring a timely response. This review examines the role of governments in disseminating scientific knowledge before, during, and after disasters. It highlights key strategies, challenges, and best practices in translating complex scientific information into accessible messages for diverse audiences. The paper explores how transparency, credibility, and trust influence public compliance with safety measures, while also discussing the impact of misinformation and gaps in communication. By analysing case studies and existing literature, this review underscores the importance of integrating science communication into disaster preparedness and response frameworks. It concludes with recommendations for strengthening government-led communication through multi-channel platforms, collaboration with experts, and culturally sensitive approaches to improve resilience and reduce disaster impacts.